Learning disabilities in children means basically they have difficulties with academic progress, or it is difficult to achieve academic succes.
He/she has the potensial to learn, but don't actually achieve much.
Learning problems are sometimes due to the environment, but most of the times not. It is not the same as emotional disturbance.
Children who are born prematurely, or who had mecical problems soon after birth, sometimes are prone to learning disabilities.
It's also more common in boys than in girls. Children usually have difficulty in reading, writing and spelling. They are hyperactive and slow in completing work.
The parent should arrange for testing of the child. Contact the child's school and arrange special education services.